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Structural neuroimaging in dementias: findings, advances, and utility. A narrative review
Structural neuroimaging in dementias: findings, advances, and utility. A narrative review
Juan F. Torres-García 1, Diego M. Rivera-Mariño 2, Carla S. Singh-Boscán 2, José M. Santacruz 3, Diego A. Chavarro-Carvajal 3, Carlos A. Cano-Gutiérrez 3
1 Facultad de Medicina, Pontifica Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; 2 Departamento de Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticas, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia; 3 Instituto de Envejecimiento, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
*Correspondence: Juan F. Torres-García. Email: juanf.torresg@javeriana.edu.co
Abstract
Dementia is a pathology with increasing prevalence, which has multiple etiological factors, among them Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). Structural neuroimaging is one of the primary diagnostic tools used for studying patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia, allowing differentiation of its etiology and establishing markers that facilitate early diagnosis and prediction of disease outcomes. Adequate understanding of structural neuroimaging by the treating physician, in the context of a patient with dementia, can benefit patient therapeutic guidance. The aim of this article is to review the common findings of structural neuroimaging in AD and VD, the markers that can be obtained from these, the scales that consider them for diagnosis and prediction of disease outcomes, and advances related to artificial intelligence and deep learning.
